图片内容：

You look ridiculous wearing full scba! Its ONLY a car fire!

不就是烧个车么，至于这么夸张还戴空呼！

carcinogens

致癌物

双语：

Why We Do What We Do

安全第一

The fire service is full of traditions. It is full of history, including both tragedy and triumph.

消防部门历史悠久，饱经风霜。

We cherish the traditions of service and sacrifice. We are proud of our history, and rightfully so.

我们珍视传统，无畏牺牲，无比自豪。

This text is filled with lessons from our real-world firefighting history. These lessons were learned—often through supreme sacrifice—over many years, in many buildings, at many fires. We fight fires in buildings large and small, old and new.

本书内容源于大量火灾案例经验教训的总结，多年来我们在大大小小的火场上的成功或是失败甚至是巨大牺牲中得到的经验和教训。

Traditions of heroism and bravery should be honored. And yet, some traditions are simply outdated and need to be abandoned.

英勇和果敢应当得到继承和发扬光大，但是一些无法契合时代发展的传统应当被摈弃。

Changing a fireground philosophy into one of fire fighter safety and survival is critical for everyone involved.

每个人都应转变灭火作战理念，遵循安全至上原则。

As you read the pages of this text, keep Phoenix Fire Chief Alan Brunacini’s philosophy in mind: Take a significant risk to protect a savable life, a little very controlled risk to protect savable property, and no risk for what is already lost.

当你读到这里时，谨记凤凰城消防局局长艾伦·布鲁纳西尼的理念：

救人，值得冒险；救物，适度冒险；损失，无需冒险。

Changes in fire company staffing and the explosion of lightweight construction across the United States have tremendously increased the danger to today’s fire fighters.

消防队人力的普遍不足和轻质结构建筑数量在全美爆炸式增长，极大地增加了当今消防员所面临的风险。

Conducting a risk–benefit analysis under such conditions has brought Chief Brunacini’s philosophy even more into focus.

布鲁纳西尼局长的理念似乎就是应对此类情况的最佳战术原则。

It is critical that incident commanders and rank-and-file fire fighters alike keep safety as their number one priority.

对于现场指挥和消防员来说，安全第一理念必须入脑入心。

Remember, you didn’t start the fire or build the building—take only reasonable risks to protect the property.

记住，我们只应承担合理的风险。

毕竟，火灾不是消防员造成的，建筑也不是消防员搭建的。

TACTICAL CONSIDERATIONS

战术要点

1. Fire officers should include smoke and fire conditions, location of the fire, and the type of building construction in their initial radio reports. Proper terms not only convey building characteristics, but also the associated hazards.

1. 指挥员在到场后首次报告中应当包含火灾的烟、火状态，起火点具体位置，建筑结构类型。正确使用相关术语不仅可以表达建筑物的特性，也包括相关危险特征。

2. The trend toward lighter and lighter building construction has life-and-death implications for your safety. A risk–benefit analysis should be performed on any lightweight building with an advanced fire. Withdrawal of crews and a defensive strategy should be considered when the civilian life hazard has been accounted for.

2. 轻质结构建筑的普及趋势对消防员来说事关生死，已经充分发展的此类建筑火灾必须严格进行风险—收益评估。考虑被困人员安危的同时，也要准备适时将消防员撤离险地，转攻为守。

3. Fire does not recognize any authority, and the fire chief is not in charge of the fire; the fire sets its own agenda. Fire cannot be bluffed or deceived. The gravity resistance system of the building is constantly under attack during a fire. When the time comes to get out, speed is of the essence.

3. 火灾是六亲不认的，和消防局长关系再好，该烧还得烧。火灾既不会被虚张声势骗到，也不会被虚言恫吓吓到。建筑的承重结构非常容易在火灾中失去作用，撤退时速度第一。

4. Understanding building construction will help ensure the safety of every fire fighter on the scene. If you understand where the weaknesses in a building are and how they will react when under attack by fire, you and your crew can avoid those dangerous areas.

4. 理解建筑结构有助于提高火场行动安全，掌握建筑物的弱点以及此类区域在火灾中的可能反应，你和你的队员将会更安全。

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